Electrical pump



A. A. CANTON ELECTRICAL PUMP Nov. 4, 1930.

Filed April 22, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Nov.'4, 1930. A. A.CANTON ELECTRICAL PUMP Filed April 22, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORPatented Nov. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALLEN A. CANTON, OFNEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO CANTONICE CORPORATION, OF

NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK ELECTRICAL PUMP Applicationfiled April 22,

This invention relates particularly to the apparatus for compressing therefrigerant gases. The primary object of the invention is to combine theelectric motor and compressor mechanism into'a small, inexpensive, and

compact unit, and at the same time eliminate packing glands throughwhich the gases might escape.

Another object is to make the armature of the mot-or act as the pistonof a reciprocating compressor. And yet another obj ect of the inventionis to utilize the armature of the motor as the rotating element of arotary compressor. a v The invention also includes the apparatusdesigned for carrying out the foregoing ob- 'ects.

1 With the foregoing objects outlined and with other objects in view,which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists inthe novel features hereinafter described in detail in connection withthe accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a front view of a refrigerator embodyingmy invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross section through my reciprocating motor compressor.

Fig. 3 is a cross section of a modified pis ton and using a commutator.

FFig. 4 is a cross section on line 4-4 of i 3. Fig. 5 is a view, partlyin section, of a modified armature showing a double threaded drive.

Fig. 6 is a plan View of the planetary drive used in the armature ofFig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a cross-section of an armature acting as a rotary element of arotary compressor.

Fig. 8 is a side view of thecondensing c011 used in conjunction with anyof the several species of my refrigerating units; and

Fig. 9 is a cross-section of the motor and the cylinder casing.

In Figure 1 of the drawings, number 1 represents a refrigerator in whichthe ice chest 2 contains part or all of the electrical refrigeratingunit 3. If the said unit is water-cooled, the entire unit can be placedin 'base 8 is made of some suitable 1927. Serial No. 185,673.

cooled, with the motor compressor unit placed inside the expansionchamber. The stamped or cast metal to which all the parts makin up theunit are fixed. The brine tank 9 is lled with brine 11, through the capopening 10, and may be emptied through the valve 12. An expansionchamber 13 is provided in which the compressed gas is expanded, and madeto flow evenly by bafiie plates 13 until it has gone through every partof the tank, and finally passes into tube 15, which conducts it to twointake valves 15, 15. The gas is forced under pressure through theoutlet compression valves 16, 16, then through the tube 17 to thecondensing coil or radiator 17 The compressed gas, after condensing orcooling, returns through tube 18, through the needle valve 19, into theexpansion chamber 13.

A casing 20 is provided for the compressor unit, which preferably has alining 21 of some heat insulating and water-proofing material.

At the top of the cylinder a block 22 is provided in which an intakevalve 15 and an outlet valve 16 are fixed. At the bottom of the cylindera block 23 is provided in which an intake valve 15 and an outlet valve16 are fixed. The blocks 22 and 23 are provided with passages 15 and 16which communicate respectively with the inlet and outlet pipes 14 and17, which pipes are hermetically sea led to the passages. Block 23 ispro vided with a central threaded opening 24. This block carries at itslower portion a diaphragm switch mechanism. In the threaded opening 24,the threaded connecting rod 25 rides, compelling the armature piston26100 acts as a compressor cylinder.

threaded drive.

to travel up or down, depending upon the direction of motion of thearmature 26.

An induction type motor is represented by the field winding 32 and anarmature 26. A thin shell 36, partly of hard insulating material andpartly of magnetic material, separates the armature from the field, andTo each end of the armature 26 is connected a disc 34, which acts as apiston ring, preventing the gases from going past the armature to theother end of the cylinder. These discs are loosely connected to thearmature so as not to rotate with it, but to reciprocate with it.

The switch mechanism comprises four contacts 30 and 30, two on each sideof and below the block 23, and two contacts 29, 29, fastened to pivotlinks 29 which links are in turn connected to the switch rod 27. Thecontacts 29- reciprocate between the contacts 30 and 30, controlling thedirection 01 current in the field. Links 29 are pivoted at 29 to thelower Valve block cap 23 It is apparent that as the armature 26 rotatesin one direction, it moves downwardly, due to the threaded connectingrod 25, riding in the threaded opening 24, thereby compressing the gasesin the lower chamber and forcing them through the outlet valve 16 in thelower chamber; at the same time the gas is being drawn in through theinlet valve 15 into the upper chamber. The armature, on reaching thelimit of its downward stroke, forces the switch rod 27 downwardly andpresses the center of the diaphragm 28 outwardly. The link 29*, beingconnected to the diaphragm 28 and pivotally connected to the cap 23,throws the switch contacts 29 upwardly, from contacts 30 to contacts 30.The armature will now rotate in the opposite direction and moveupwardly, compressing the gas in the upper chamber, and drawing gas 1ntothe lower chamber.

Figure 3 illustrates a commutator type motor, with the commutator insidethe An armature 38, having packing discs 39, is connected to a threadedsection 40 containing the insulating material 41, the commutatorsegments 42, 42, and the brush mountings 43, 43. A block '45 closes thelower end of cylinder case 37 and contains inlet and outlet valves 46,46. Said block is provided with a central threaded opening 44, in whichopening the threaded section 40 travels. A switch rod 47 carrying wires47 to the brushes 43, acts as the switch operator similar to that shownin Fig. 2.

The lower portion of block 45 is provided with a recess and is closed bydiaphragm 49. Oil 48 is laced in the chamber, to prevent the escape 0gas as well as lubricating the driving mechanism mechanism 40 and thecommutator device is shown in section in Figure 4.

Figure 5 shows a modified armature piston 40 and 44. The driving with adouble threaded drive for changing the rotary motion into reciprocatingmotion. By this arrangement it is unnecessary to use any switchingmechanism to reverse the motor. The armature 53 is provided with a shaft53 which carries a small pinion 54, which meshes with. idling pinions55, 55. These pinions 55 are in mesh with the large internal gear 56forming a planetary gear assembly. Gear 56 is provided with a hub havingtwo opposite threads 57 and 58. These threads are connected at theirrespective ends so that any riding member 58 engaging the threads would,upon the termination of its travel in one direction enter the secondthread and compel the armature to move in the opposite direction withoutreversing the armature.

The armature 60 shown in Fig. 7 involves a departure from thereciprocating type of pumps in that the armature itself is soconstructed as to act as the rotating element of a rotary pump. Betweenthe armature windings 61 air chambers 62 are provided. The pump casing66 surrounding the armature 60 is provided with inlet and outlet portsindicated by arrows. The casing 66 is provided with a valve guide 64 inwhich the valve stem 63 reciprocates. The stem rides on the periphery ofthe armature due to the pressure of the spring 65.

As the armature rotates the valve stem 63 will follow the contour of thearmature, thereby forcing the gases which enter the inlet openings in-tothe outlet 0 enings, the direction of travel of the gases eing indicatedby the arrows.

Figure 8 represents the condenser unit in which the water flows thoughthe tube 51, through the tank 50, and out through pipe 52; the gasesflowing through 17 through the coil immersed in the water, are condensedand flow back through 18 to the needle valve 19, shown in Fig. 2. Partof the cooling water, flowing through 51, is bypassed through the coils33. These coils are imbedded in the fieldsof the motor so as to conductthe heat away from the motor as well as any of the heat produced bycompression.

Fig. 9 shows the novel construction of the casing surrounding thearmature. If the casing were. made entirely of insulating material amagnetic gap would be produced great enough to materially reduce theefficiency of the motor. In order to reduce the magnetic gap between thearmature and field poles and still retain a substantially heavy wall forthe casing, portions of the insulating casing are removed and replacedwith magnetic material 36. These portions are located adjacent the polepieces of the motor field. The result produced is a casing of equalstrength with a casing-made entirely of insulating material and havingthe magnetic gap no greater than in prevailing practice.

In practice the magnetic portions 36 would be moulded in the insulatingmaterial of the casing 36. The same construction of the easing may beadapted-for the rotary type of compressor shown in Fig. 7.

As the arts of refrigeration and electric motor operation are wellestablished, I have out departing from the spirit of the invenion.

hat I claim is 1. In an electrically operated pump device, a magneticfield, an armature rotating and sliding in said field, a pump casingsurrounding said armature and separating it from the field and means atone end of the armature and casing compelling a reciprocation of thearmature while it rotates.

2. In an electrical refrigerating system,'a compressor unit comprisingan armature and a field, a pump cylinder casing separating said armatureand field, valve mechanism in said casing, a threaded shaft connected tosaid armature, said casing being provided with a threaded opening, and areversing switch mechanism operated by said shaft.

3. A motor compressor consisting of a motor field, an armature, a pumpcylinder separating said armature and field and surrounding saidarmature, a shaft on said armature and provided with two oppositethreads connected at their ends, piston rings on said armature, a fixedelement engaging said threads so as to cause a reciprocating motion ofthe said armature while revolving in one direction, and means to preventthe escape of gas outside the threaded shaft.

4. A motor compressor consisting of a motor field, an armature, a pumpcylinder, separating said armature and field and surrounding saidarmature, a planetary gear device, a double threaded shaft connected tosaid armature through the planetary gear, piston rings on said armature,a fixed element engaging said double threads so as to cause areciprocating motion of the armature while revolving in one direction,valves in said cylinder and means for sealing said cylinder to preventthe escape of gas.

In a pump device, a cylinder casing provided with inlets and outlets, apiston reciprocating in said casing, said piston comprising an armaturerotating and reciprocating in said cylinder, a magnetic field outsidesaid casing to cause the rotation of the armature, and means to causethe reciprocation of the armature to operate it as a piston within thecasing.

5. In a pump device, a cylinder casing provided with inlets and outlets,a rotating element in said casing, said rotating element comprising anarmature provided with means to draw in and force out a fluid throughthe cylinder casing, and a magnetic field sur' rounding the casing torotate the armature.

7. A pumping device comprising an armature revolving in a magneticfield, said armature being enclosed in said field, inlet and outletports in said enclosure, and means to cause the reciprocation of thearmature to operate it as a piston within the enclosing field.

8. In a pump device comprising an armature revolving in a magneticfield, said armature being enclosed in said field, inlet and outletports in said enclosure, said armature being provided with means to drawin and force out a fluid through the said inlet and outlet ports.

9. In an electrically operated pump device, a magnetic field, anarmature rotating and sliding in said field, a pump casing surroundingsaid armature and separating it from the field, and means for compellingthe reciprocation of the armature while it rotates.

ALLEN A. CANTON.

